Why Your Vehicle Might Pull to One Side
We frequently encounter drivers who notice their vehicles pulling to one side while braking. This is the last thing you want is the car to be pulling as your braking to miss a pot hole. A common culprit for this issue is a failing brake caliper. Today, we'll dive into why brake calipers fail, the symptoms you might experience, and what can be done to fix and prevent future problems.
What Is a Brake Caliper and How Does It Work?
Brake calipers are essential components of your braking system. They squeeze your brake pads against the rotor, creating the friction necessary to slow or stop your vehicle. Unlike front brake calipers, some rear calipers also incorporate the parking brake mechanism, especially in newer vehicles like the Toyota RAV4 in the video below.
Signs of a Failing Brake Caliper
A malfunctioning brake caliper can produce several noticeable symptoms:
- Vehicle pulling to one side during braking
- Uneven brake pad wear from side to side
- Reduced braking efficiency
- Overheated or smoking brakes
Common Causes of Brake Caliper Failure
Here are the primary reasons brake calipers tend to fail:
- Damaged or Torn Seals: Calipers use rubber boots and seals to keep contaminants out. When these tear, dirt and debris can enter, causing damage to the piston and bore.
- Corrosion and Pitting: Water and dirt buildup can cause corrosion, damaging the smooth surface required for the caliper piston to operate effectively.
- Contaminated Brake Fluid: Brake fluid naturally attracts moisture, leading to dirt accumulation that can wear down internal seals, causing leaks and reduced braking efficiency.
Diagnosing Brake Caliper Issues
Our ASE-certified technicians follow a thorough diagnostic process:
- Visual Inspection: Checking for torn seals, uneven pad wear, and brake fluid leaks.
- Functionality Test: Observing how the vehicle responds during braking, noting any pulling or unusual noises.
- Temperature Check: After test driving, braking issues can be identified through the use of an infrared temperature gun.
- Internal Examination: Removing and disassembling calipers to check for internal corrosion, damaged seals, or piston damage.
Fixing Brake Caliper Problems
Repairing a failed brake caliper involves:
- Caliper Removal and Inspection: Safely removing the caliper, inspecting pistons, seals, and internal components.
- Cleaning and Resurfacing: Thoroughly cleaning components, resurfacing damaged parts, or replacing heavily corroded elements.
- Caliper Replacement: Often, replacing the caliper entirely is more practical and safer than repairs, especially with modern vehicles.
- System Flush and Reassembly: Flushing old brake fluid, installing new calipers or repaired components, and performing a full brake bleed and system test.
Preventing Brake Caliper Issues
Routine maintenance can greatly extend caliper lifespan:
- Brake Fluid Service: Regularly flush brake fluid every 2-3 years to prevent corrosion and maintain system efficiency.
- Regular Inspections: Catch potential issues early through routine brake inspections.
- Lubrication: Apply proper lubrication to caliper pistons during brake service to keep seals flexible and prevent tearing.
Why Choose King's Auto Repair for Your Brake Services?
- ASE-certified technicians ensuring thorough diagnostics and repairs.
- Cutting-edge equipment for precise repairs.
- Convenience Services: Shuttle, loaner cars, and same-day repairs.
- Comprehensive Warranty: 36-month/36,000-mile warranty on all brakes.
If you notice your vehicle pulling to one side during braking or other signs of caliper issues, book an appointment by clicking the appointment button above. Our experts will ensure your brakes perform safely and reliably.
Check out the video below where we take apart a failed rear brake caliper from a Toyota Rav-4.
